Glaucoma is disorder of eye, when pressure inside the eye becomes higher than atmosphere. Glaucoma damages the optic nerve of eye, and it leads to blindness. A regular flow of fluid preserves softness and shape of eye glass. Eye maintains Constant fluid behind the Iris, this fluid flows from pupil and drained out in various nerves. When the flows of fluid stop or blocked, then fluid does not drain out and it started collection in pupil and when the pressure of pupil becomes higher then atmosphere pressure, it starts increase their shape and it leads to blindness, because it blast sometime or damage the pupil from their root.
There are two groups of glaucoma, first is primary open angle glaucoma; it is also called chronic glaucoma. Primary open angle glaucoma is having slow process and it increases with age. And it happens when any nerve of drainage get blocked. And second group of glaucoma is primary angle closure glaucoma; it is also called as acute glaucoma, it affects rapidly to pupil and drainage gets blocked and fluid flow stopped instantly. So, pressure increase inside the eyes very fast and chances of blindness become more.
This became very common problem in
Primary open angle glaucoma can not be fully alleviated, but it can be prohibited by lowering the pressure inside the eye. You can use eye drops for controlling primary open angle glaucoma. These are the step for combating with glaucoma.
- Beta Blockers: - Beta Blocker is the eye drops, and it decreases the quantity of fluid inside the eye, and pupil does not get lots of fluid and pressure, thus Primary open angle glaucoma can be controlled. It is used two and three times in day not more then that and it should not be given to Asthma and heart patient, Beta blockers may include in blood circulation and it can cause of attack
- Adrenaline-type drops: - Brimonidine (Alphagan) or Dipivefrine (Propine) are the type of Adrenaline-type drops. These drops make lowering the quantity of fluid in the eye. It is used twice a day and heart patient or Asthma patient may feel irritation. So, do not give to heart and asthma patient.
- Prostaglandin analogues: - Latanoprost (Xalatan) is the type of Prostaglandin analogues; it is used once a day in the evening. It increases the fluid drains out from the pupil. It can be create side affect in eye by changing eye color.
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: - Dorzolamide (Trusopt) is the example of Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors drops; it is used two times in a day with beta blockers. It makes lower fluid flow inside the eye.
- Miotics (parasympathomimetics): - Pilocarpine (e.g. Pilogel) is the example of Miotics (parasympathomimetics); it is used four times in a day. It increases the fluid drainage out from the eye. But the major problems with these drops are, it creates headache, and it makes lower eye vision.
- Laser treatment: - Laser treatment is used for increasing the flow of fluid from the eye. It is very effective treatment but it is temporary treatment of glaucoma. So, for the short time cure it is the best treatment but one should go for long term treatment for controlling glaucoma from its root.
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor tablets: - Acetazolamide (Diamox) is the example of Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor tablets. It can have temporary solution of primary angle open glaucoma. It is having some side affect; like: nausea, and tiredness.
- Surgical treatment: - Surgical treatment is the best treatment for primary angle open glaucoma. Many people have got satisfactory result after surgical treatment. In this operation, a drainage fluid is fixed inside the eye for drain out fluid from the eye. Anti metabolite medicine is used for this type of surgery. After operation eye vision becomes little lower but it recovers. Hence, it is the effective treatment of primary angle open glaucoma.
- Argon laser trabeculoplasty: - Argon laser trabeculoplasty include in the laser treatment and it filters the fluid and control fluid flow towards drainage. It is very effective treatment for primary angle open glaucoma.
- Laser iridotomy: - Laser iridotomy is a best treatment for primary angle open glaucoma. In this treatment, laser creates a minor hole in Iris and fluid flow from the front of eye. This hole can be seen in upper eyelid.
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